OpenEPCIS Iron & Steel Vocabulary
type: Ontology
description: Vocabulary for the iron & steel ESPR priority product group (Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 Annex I; iron & steel named in Article 5 / the 2025-2030 working plan). Covers steel-specific identification (heat / cast / lot numbers, grade classification per EN 10020 and designation per EN 10027), production route, and the Material Test Certificate (EN 10204 inspection documents with EN 10168 mechanical and chemical parameters). This module is intentionally thin per the project's four-layer delegation pattern. Steel-specific concepts live here; cross-cutting concerns (recycled content, substances of concern, environmental product declaration, carbon footprint, documents) reuse the lifted `oec:` vocabulary plus `untp:` and `gs1:`. Aligned with the DPP Keystone iron & steel profile (dppk:IronSteelProduct / dppk:MaterialTestCertificate).
creator: OpenEPCIS
license: LICENSE-2.0
created: 2026-06-23
modified: 2026-06-23
version info: 0.9.9
version IRI: https://ref.openepcis.io/extensions/eu/iron-steel/0.9.9
preferred namespace prefix: eusteel
source: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781
imports: voc
imports: core

Iron & Steel Product
type: Class
subclass of: Product
comment: An iron or steel product (e.g. rebar, structural section, plate, coil, wire rod) subject to the ESPR iron & steel delegated act. Carrier for steel identification, grade/designation, production route, and the Material Test Certificate. Reuse oec: terms for recycled content, substances of concern, environmental product declaration, and supporting documents.
source: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781
note: ESPR iron & steel product group. GS1 Web Vocabulary has gs1:Product but no steel-specific identification or test-certificate structure. Anchored to the DPP Keystone peer profile dppk:IronSteelProduct and to the oec:IronSteel product category.
broad match: Product
broad match: IndividualProduct

Heat Number
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Heat (melt) number identifying the batch of molten steel from which the product was cast (EN 10168 traceability).
domain: Iron & Steel Product
range: string
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: Steel traceability identifier per EN 10168. GS1 gs1:hasBatchLotNumber is the closest generic batch identifier; this property names the steel heat specifically. schema:serialNumber stays an ungraded pointer: it is domained on schema:IndividualProduct, so it identifies one piece, while a heat number identifies the melt every piece came from.

Cast Number
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Cast number identifying the casting run within a heat (EN 10168 traceability).
domain: Iron & Steel Product
range: string
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: Steel traceability identifier per EN 10168. Closest GS1 generic is gs1:hasBatchLotNumber. schema:serialNumber stays an ungraded pointer: it is domained on schema:IndividualProduct, so it identifies one piece, while a cast number identifies the casting run.
broad match: heatNumber
broad match: hasBatchLotNumber

Lot Number
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Delivery lot number for the steel product.
domain: Iron & Steel Product
range: string
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: Closest GS1 generic is gs1:hasBatchLotNumber; this property names the steel delivery lot specifically. schema:serialNumber stays an ungraded pointer: it is domained on schema:IndividualProduct, so it identifies one piece, while a lot number identifies the delivery lot.
broad match: hasBatchLotNumber

Product Number
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Manufacturer product / article number for the steel product.
domain: Iron & Steel Product
range: string
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: Manufacturer product number. Anchored to schema:productID and schema:mpn. GS1 Web Vocabulary has no product/model-number property.
broad match: serialNumber
broad match: productID

Purchaser Order
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Purchaser order reference associated with the steel delivery.
domain: Iron & Steel Product
range: string
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: Order reference per EN 10168 certificate metadata. Anchored to schema:orderNumber.
broad match: orderNumber

Steel Grade Classification
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Classification of the steel grade per EN 10020 (unalloyed, stainless, other alloy).
domain: Iron & Steel Product
range: string
source: EN-10020.aspx
note: Steel grade classification per EN 10020. No GS1, SEMICeu, or schema.org equivalent.

Steel Designation
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Steel name / number designation per EN 10027 (e.g. S355J2 / 1.0577).
domain: Iron & Steel Product
range: string
source: EN-10027-1.aspx
note: Steel designation per EN 10027 (parts 1 name, 2 number). No GS1, SEMICeu, or schema.org equivalent.

Melt and Pour Country
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Country where the steel was melted and poured (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2). Relevant to origin and CBAM reporting.
domain: Iron & Steel Product
range: string
source: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781
note: Melt-and-pour origin per steel-sector practice and CBAM. Anchored to schema:countryOfOrigin.
broad match: addressCountry
broad match: countryOfOriginStatement
broad match: countryOfProduction
broad match: countryOfOrigin
broad match: countryCode
broad match: countryOfOperation
broad match: countryName

CBAM Report ID
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Identifier of the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism report associated with the steel product.
domain: Iron & Steel Product
range: string
source: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/956
note: CBAM (Regulation (EU) 2023/956) report reference. No GS1, SEMICeu, or schema.org equivalent.

Steel Production Technology Route
type: Class
comment: Primary steelmaking route, a key driver of embodied carbon.
one of: Blast Furnace / Basic Oxygen Furnace
one of: Electric Arc Furnace
one of: Open Hearth Furnace
one of: Other Route
source: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781
note: Steelmaking route classification. No GS1, SEMICeu, or schema.org equivalent.

Blast Furnace / Basic Oxygen Furnace
type: Steel Production Technology Route
notation: BF-BOF

Electric Arc Furnace
type: Steel Production Technology Route
notation: EAF

Open Hearth Furnace
type: Steel Production Technology Route
notation: OHF

Other Route
type: Steel Production Technology Route
notation: other

Technology Route
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Primary steelmaking route used to produce the product.
domain: Iron & Steel Product
range: Steel Production Technology Route
source: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781
note: Production-route classifier; DPP Keystone expresses dppk:technologyRoute as free text. No GS1, SEMICeu, or schema.org equivalent.

Material Test Certificate
type: Class
comment: An inspection document for metallic products per EN 10204 (type 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, or 3.2), carrying the EN 10168 mechanical and chemical test parameters that substantiate the declared grade.
source: EN-10204.aspx
broad match: Certification
note: Mill test certificate (EN 10204 / EN 10168). schema:Certification is the generic upstream; this class names the steel inspection document and its EN 10168 parameter set. Anchored to the DPP Keystone peer profile dppk:MaterialTestCertificate.
broad match: CertificationDetails

Material Test Certificate
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Links a steel product to its Material Test Certificate (EN 10204).
domain: Iron & Steel Product
range: Material Test Certificate
source: EN-10204.aspx
note: Mill test certificate link per EN 10204. Anchored to the DPP Keystone peer profile dppk:mtc.
broad match: certification
broad match: hasCertification

MTC Inspection Document Type
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: EN 10204 inspection document type: 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, or 3.2.
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: string
source: EN-10204.aspx
note: EN 10204 inspection document type. No GS1, SEMICeu, or schema.org equivalent.
broad match: certificationType

MTC Nominal Size
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Nominal dimension of the tested product (mm).
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: decimal
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 dimensional parameter.
broad match: size
broad match: setNominalValues

MTC Weight Tolerance
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Permitted weight tolerance of the tested product (%).
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: decimal
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 dimensional parameter.

MTC Yield Strength
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Measured yield strength Re (MPa).
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: decimal
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 mechanical parameter.

MTC Tensile Strength
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Measured ultimate tensile strength Rm (MPa).
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: decimal
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 mechanical parameter (Rm).

MTC Yield Strength Ratio
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Ratio of yield strength to tensile strength (Re/Rm).
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: decimal
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 mechanical parameter.

MTC Elongation
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Percentage elongation after fracture (A%).
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: decimal
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 mechanical parameter.

MTC Relative Rib Area
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Relative rib area fR for ribbed reinforcing steel (bond performance).
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: decimal
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 mechanical parameter for reinforcing steel.

MTC Carbon Content
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Carbon content from the cast/ladle analysis (mass %).
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: decimal
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 chemical parameter.

MTC Phosphorus Content
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Phosphorus content from the cast analysis (mass %).
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: decimal
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 chemical parameter.

MTC Sulfur Content
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Sulfur content from the cast analysis (mass %).
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: decimal
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 chemical parameter.

MTC Copper Content
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Copper content from the cast analysis (mass %).
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: decimal
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 chemical parameter.

MTC Nitrogen Content
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Nitrogen content from the cast analysis (mass %).
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: decimal
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 chemical parameter.

MTC Carbon Equivalent
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Carbon equivalent value (CEV / CET), a weldability indicator derived from the cast analysis.
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: decimal
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 derived chemical parameter (weldability).

MTC Steel Process
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Steelmaking process recorded on the certificate (free text where the controlled eusteel:TechnologyRoute is not used).
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: string
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 process descriptor.
broad match: processCategory

MTC Finishing
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Finishing / delivery condition recorded on the certificate (e.g. hot-rolled, normalised, quenched and tempered).
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: string
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 delivery-condition descriptor.

MTC Radiometric Control
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Radiometric (radioactivity) control result for the steel, where declared.
domain: Material Test Certificate
range: decimal
source: EN-10168.aspx
note: EN 10168 radiometric control parameter.